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The Center for Special Immunology (CSI) was established with the goal of offering a comprehensive holistic treatment program for its patients. Therefore, psychological considerations are included as part of each patient’s medical care. The integration of medical, nutritional, and psychological treatments is designed to provide optimal care for all patients over and above one intervention alone. The combination is called a Holistic Treatment Team Approach. For patients with immunological disorders, CSI offers the finest evaluation and treatment methods available. Since research has shown a clear link between the immune and psychological systems, CSI offers assessment, support, and psychotherapy in conjunction with its individually designed medical plan of care for each patient. Through this approach, CSI aims to keep our patients’ immune systems as healthy as possible.
Studies indicate that 50% to 70% of primary care medical visits are actually related to behavioral functioning and emotional issues which psychotherapists have the expertise to diagnose and treat. In traditional medical practices, all too often patients are referred for numerous medical tests for bodily aches and pains or other physical symptoms (such as fatigue, dizziness, insomnia, etc) that are actually related to depression, anxiety, stress or grief. In addition, current research has shown that including mental health treatment as part of the overall medical treatment plan, can improve health or in some cases, halt disease progression, thereby improving a patient’s physical health status.
With any illness, whether it be chronic, or life-threatening, attention to psychological well-being can be as important as medical care itself. A better understanding of what is happening emotionally improves the sense of control over one’s own destiny. Psychosocial interventions can also address feelings of helplessness and hopelessness. The diagnosis of any medical condition can lead to a severe stress reaction. Learning to cope with this stress can significantly affect a patient’s quality of life and the actual medical treatment outcome.
In as much as medical diagnosis and treatment remain the foundation of CSI’s holistic approach, the importance of psychological diagnosis and treatment in complementing the medical components of care cannot be overstated. Research documenting the relationship between emotional reactions and physical illness, coupled with surveys showing high frequencies of such reactions in medical patients, underscores the importance of psychological components in patients seeking medical help. Recognition of the underlying psychological issues, often occurring quite predictably and secondarily to a medical illness, is necessary for the accurate interpretation of bodily complaints, the communication of personal feelings, and the joint decision of doctor and patient resulting in an acceptable and effective treatment plan.
The nature of CSI’s psychological services is twofold. One goal is to provide support for its patients who are in distress. This approach is intended to promote a sense of stability and control in those who are overwhelmed or confused by their medical condition. In addition, this support is expected to enhance patients’ lifestyles in ways that can directly diminish stress. A particular source of stress arises from fears associated with severe illnesses intensified by misinformation or a lack of societal understanding.
The second goal of our services is to offer life-enhancing treatment choices for those who consider themselves in good health. Just as we are committed to the goal of early intervention in the area of medical treatment, we also want to minimize psychological risk through a preventative approach. Therefore, we offer objective support to adjusted individuals by assessing their lives for any foreseeable problems. Overall, our highest concern is our commitment to preserving a sense of meaning and purpose all human beings have a right to experience in their lives, regardless of any illness.
The psychological support component of the holistic approach at CSI is dedicated to providing as much information as is required by patients for the choices they face. The following is a list of psychological services we provide:
EVALUATIONS
- Initial Psychological Evaluation
- Psychosocial Testing
- Neuropsychological (Cognitive Function) Testing
- Treatment Planning
TREATMENTS
- Educational
- Current Immunology Research Progress
- General Psychoneuroimmunology
- Disease Progression, e.g., HIV, CFIDS
- Risk Reduction and Healthy Lifestyle
- Behavioral
- Alcohol and Substance Abuse
- Assertiveness/Communication Skills Enhancement
- Positive Lifestyle Change
- Money Management
- Parent Effectiveness Training
- Problem Solving Skills Enhancement
- Relationship Enhancement
- Relaxation Training
- Smoking Cessation
- Weight Management
- Social Skills Training
- Stress and Anxiety Management
- Depression Management
- Self-Esteem Enhancement
- Time Management
- Medication Adherence Enhancement
- Nutritional Adherence Enhancement
- Medical Disability Adjustment
- Death and Dying Preparation Supportive
- Support Groups
- Bereavement Groups
- Psychotherapeutic
- Crisis Intervention
- Couple/Marital Counseling
- Career Counseling
- Family Therapy
- Individual Psychotherapy
- Group Psychotherapy
- In-Hospital Psychotherapy
- Referrals
- Legal Services
- Community Resources
- Direct Services/Agencies
- Drug Abuse Programs
- Inpatient Psychiatric Referrals
- Psychiatric Evaluations/Psychotropic medications
You will be asked to complete the Comprehensive Psychological Assessment questionnaire found in your new patient packet, and mail it back to CSI prior to your appointment with the psychotherapist. During your appointment, the psychotherapist will take a thorough history, and explain the role of psychological factors in disease progression, as well as the CSI holistic treatment team approach. A treatment plan will be developed based upon the assessment and your individual needs. You will be subsequently scheduled for neuropsychological testing.
WHY HAVE YOU BEEN REFERRED FOR A NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL EVALUATION?
Cognitive deficits, for example, difficulties with memory, concentration, or problem solving can accompany immunological disorders or long-term use of certain medications. For this reason, it is important for you to establish a baseline performance level so that possible changes in brain functioning can be documented over time. In addition, for those patients already experiencing cognitive deficits, a neuropsychological evaluation can help in diagnosing problems in brain functioning, as well as guide rehabilitation program design.
WHAT IS A NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL EVALUATION?
A neuropsychological evaluation involves testing that is sensitive to problems in brain functioning. Unlike CT or MRI scans, which show what the structure of the brain looks like, neuropsychological testing examines how well the brain is working when it performs certain functions (for example, remembering). The testing usually takes about four hours. It is non-invasive, that is, it does not involve attaching you to a machine, or taking blood, or using X-rays. The tests assess the following areas: attention and memory, reasoning and problem solving, visual-spatial functions, language functions, sensory-perception functions, motor functions, academic skills, and emotional functioning. Most of the tests will involve questions and answers, or working with materials on a table. Some tests may use a computer. The testing may be performed by a board certified neuropsychologist, or by a trained staff member under the supervision of a licensed neuropsychologist. The examiner will also spend time talking with you about your medical, personal, and school history.
WHAT WILL HAPPEN AFTER THE EVALUATION?
There are two ways you might expect to hear about the results of the evaluation. The examiner may meet with you in person or over the telephone to go over the results with you. Your CSI physician will receive a copy of your testing report, and may review it with you during your medical appointment. If requested, the examiner will provide specific recommendations to guide your treatment or otherwise help you in your daily life.
As many patients at CSI do not have prior personal experience with chronic and life-threatening medical conditions, it is imperative to evaluate each patient individually to assess his or her psychological ability to endure the experience of these types of medical conditions. Two important aspects of immunological disorders underscore this:
- Immune disorders infect more than a person’s body. Essentially, they infect a person’s life. Cybernetic principles suggest that this impact reverberates throughout a person’s psychosocial system.
- Psychoneuroimmunology continues to divulge the relationship between psychological processes, their neurological representation and immunological impact. Since immune disorders, by definition, universally and ominously affect the immune system, this relationship must be factored into the overall treatment program.
With this in mind, it is our mission at CSI:
- To acknowledge the psychological effects of chronic and life-threatening illness
- To provide support and hope for patients, their significant others and families
- To promote and enhance quality of life by:
Educating patients about:
- Their medical conditions
- Their treatment options
- Their community referral options
- Instituting efficient preventative procedures for potential psychological difficulties
- Instituting effective curative procedures for current psychological difficulties
- Instituting quality of life enhancing behavioral strategies and stress inoculation practices
- To empower patients to maximize their options for living well within the context of their medical illness
- To preserve patients’ sense of mastery and dignity over their lives
- To ensure patients’ satisfaction with our care
The traditional medical care model, no matter how excellent, does not address all of the critical concerns that are necessary to the ultimate well-being of persons with a chronic illness. At CSI, the holistic integration of medical, nutritional and psychological disciplines is designed to provide superlative care by maximizing not only quantity of life, but most importantly, quality of life.
In addition to patients’ well-being, there is another important consideration. This model also allows for improving medical utilization and reducing costs for patients, third party providers, employers, and the larger medical care system in the United States. Energetically supported and well-utilized psychological treatment could very significantly contribute to more effective care by:
- Reducing the severity of psychopathology related to adjusting to a chronic illness
- Facilitating care by optimizing patient-staff communication and interaction
- Preventing psychogenic complications through the appropriate ventilation of feelings
- Initiating long-term follow-up care plans and early interventions when appropriate
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